Learn What Your Bones Are Telling You September 17, 2026 Bones are vital to our good health, but it is usually not until you hurt somewhere that they get a closer look. Physician Associate Donovan Williams, with Samaritan Medical Group Hand to Shoulder Orthopedics – Corvallis, explains a bit about the purpose of bones, potential problems and ways to stay strong. About Bones Your bones give you structural support, help you move and protect vital organs like the brain, heart and lungs. They help with blood cell and hormone production, plus mineral and fat storage. Bone cells are constantly breaking down old bone tissue and building new, adapting to your body’s needs throughout life. Bones are made of protein (such as collagen for flexibility) and minerals (such as calcium for hardness). Most people reach peak bone mass by age 30 and start losing bone mass by age 40. A DEXA scan helps monitor your bone loss over time. What Is a DEXA Scan? The test that tells you the truth about your bones is called a DEXA scan, or DXA scan, which stands for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. This low-dose X-ray checks for signs of mineral loss and bone thinning. The lower the density of bone, the higher the risk of fractures. Scanning your hips, spine, forearms and other bones helps determine if you have osteoporosis (severe bone loss) or osteopenia (low bone mass.) Risk Factors Senior men and women with osteoporosis risk factors are likely candidates for bone breaks. Risk factors include age, family history, low body weight, inactivity, low vitamin D intake, history of fractures, smoking, drinking or long-term use of steroids or other medications. Conditions including early menopause, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, hyperthyroidism, multiple sclerosis and liver or kidney disease also can play a role. “We often see patients with fragility fractures – bone breaks that occur from a fall or minor injury,” Williams said. “Following screening guidelines, including DEXA scans for at-risk individuals, helps identify osteoporosis or osteopenia early. Treating these conditions can significantly reduce the risk of future fractures.” To slow bone loss, your provider may suggest regular exercise such as walking and strength training; supplements or specific foods high in vitamin D, calcium or certain minerals; and depending on severity, medication to slow bone loss or build bone density. Learn more about bone health at samhealth.org/Bones.
